"The Banality of Evil: She Exposed How Normal People Fuel Oppression.๐คฏ
Play & learn about Hannah Arendt's arty refugee experience ๐ฎ
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Back Story
Hannah Arendt (1906-1975), a Jewish German-American political theorist challenged understanding of refugees by framing statelessness as a consequence of both humanitarian crises and political failures.
As a refugee herself, Arendt fled Nazi Germany in 1933, after briefly spending time imprisoned by the Gestapo due to critiquing Nazism, she subsequently spent 8 years in Paris, before moving to the United States in 1941, and becoming a naturalised citizen of the United States in 1951.
Her life experiences are embodied in her phenomenological approach that focuses on lived experiences that emphasises the active life over abstract philosophy (The Human Condition (1958)). The Origins of Totalitarianism (1951) underscores her critique of nation-states and โinalienable human rightsโ are exclusive to citizens. Refugees, existing as outsiders, are ultimately rightless.
Additionally, she argues for the โbanality of evilโ - a concept rooted in her analysis of Adolf Eichmann (Nazi). Here, she points to how ordinary individuals enable systemic oppression through thoughtless conformity. The broader critique of totalitarianism is how the oppressive mindset lingers even after ideologies like Nazism or Stalinism falls, shaping even supposed democracies. Refugee crises were a symptom of flawed political structures.
Today, Arendtโs insights prove rather relevant as exclusionary and populist politics rise in Western Europe, with parties like Germanyโs AfD and the UKโs Reform gaining traction through an โus versus themโ narrative. Her work creates a counter-narrative that challenges on to confront systems that perpetuate refugee suffering and to reimagine political communities that preface inclusivity for all.
Through her writings and her own experiences, Arendt gives a voice to the stateless, offering a powerful critique of the systems that fail them and a hopeful vision for progress, seeking for all to hold the โright to have rightsโ and for humanity to co-exist in plurality.
In this post Nicole highlights the arty refugee experience of Hannah Ardent. She is a citizen journalist on a placement with us organised by Oxford University Career Services. She also organised the micro game to make the journalistic experience interactive.
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